Storing hydrofluoric acid before the invention of plastics Announcing the arrival of Valued Associate #679: Cesar Manara Planned maintenance scheduled April 17/18, 2019 at 00:00UTC (8:00pm US/Eastern)Indonesian Chemical Olympiad: Calculating mass from predicted reactionWhat exactly is Indium's ability to stabilize non-ferrous metals?What causes the yellowing of the linear alkylbenzene (LAB) cocktail?Is this asking for the equivalence point?How were silver and gold separated using the salt cementation process?Does excessive sulfuric acid as catalyst affect the synthesis of aspirin?Material that acts as a “sponge” for sulfuric acid?What metals aren't dissolved in/attacked by aqua regia?Is Hydrogen Dioxide Water? If so, what is the chemical compound and differences between H2O and H2O2?Why was silver considered valuable in history?
IndentationError when pasting code in Python 3 interpreter mode
What LEGO pieces have "real-world" functionality?
What are 'alternative tunings' of a guitar and why would you use them? Doesn't it make it more difficult to play?
Is there a way in Ruby to make just any one out of many keyword arguments required?
Should I call the interviewer directly, if HR aren't responding?
What would be the ideal power source for a cybernetic eye?
Can a non-EU citizen traveling with me come with me through the EU passport line?
Is there a documented rationale why the House Ways and Means chairman can demand tax info?
I am not a queen, who am I?
How do I mention the quality of my school without bragging
Is above average number of years spent on PhD considered a red flag in future academia or industry positions?
Does surprise arrest existing movement?
Did Kevin spill real chili?
How can whole tone melodies sound more interesting?
How to recreate this effect in Photoshop?
How to draw this diagram using TikZ package?
Letter Boxed validator
When to stop saving and start investing?
How to bypass password on Windows XP account?
The logistics of corpse disposal
How to find all the available tools in macOS terminal?
3 doors, three guards, one stone
How much radiation do nuclear physics experiments expose researchers to nowadays?
Should I discuss the type of campaign with my players?
Storing hydrofluoric acid before the invention of plastics
Announcing the arrival of Valued Associate #679: Cesar Manara
Planned maintenance scheduled April 17/18, 2019 at 00:00UTC (8:00pm US/Eastern)Indonesian Chemical Olympiad: Calculating mass from predicted reactionWhat exactly is Indium's ability to stabilize non-ferrous metals?What causes the yellowing of the linear alkylbenzene (LAB) cocktail?Is this asking for the equivalence point?How were silver and gold separated using the salt cementation process?Does excessive sulfuric acid as catalyst affect the synthesis of aspirin?Material that acts as a “sponge” for sulfuric acid?What metals aren't dissolved in/attacked by aqua regia?Is Hydrogen Dioxide Water? If so, what is the chemical compound and differences between H2O and H2O2?Why was silver considered valuable in history?
$begingroup$
The first person to synthesize hydrofluoric acid in large quantities was Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1771. This acid is known for its ability to corrode glass and metals.
What materials were the containers in which it was stored before the invention of plastics?
inorganic-chemistry experimental-chemistry halides reference-request history-of-chemistry
New contributor
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
The first person to synthesize hydrofluoric acid in large quantities was Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1771. This acid is known for its ability to corrode glass and metals.
What materials were the containers in which it was stored before the invention of plastics?
inorganic-chemistry experimental-chemistry halides reference-request history-of-chemistry
New contributor
$endgroup$
1
$begingroup$
Iron is resistant do HF due to the formation of a dense flouride surface layer. Not sure if he used it.
$endgroup$
– Karl
2 hours ago
add a comment |
$begingroup$
The first person to synthesize hydrofluoric acid in large quantities was Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1771. This acid is known for its ability to corrode glass and metals.
What materials were the containers in which it was stored before the invention of plastics?
inorganic-chemistry experimental-chemistry halides reference-request history-of-chemistry
New contributor
$endgroup$
The first person to synthesize hydrofluoric acid in large quantities was Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1771. This acid is known for its ability to corrode glass and metals.
What materials were the containers in which it was stored before the invention of plastics?
inorganic-chemistry experimental-chemistry halides reference-request history-of-chemistry
inorganic-chemistry experimental-chemistry halides reference-request history-of-chemistry
New contributor
New contributor
edited 21 mins ago
andselisk
19.4k664126
19.4k664126
New contributor
asked 3 hours ago
GinasiusGinasius
1113
1113
New contributor
New contributor
1
$begingroup$
Iron is resistant do HF due to the formation of a dense flouride surface layer. Not sure if he used it.
$endgroup$
– Karl
2 hours ago
add a comment |
1
$begingroup$
Iron is resistant do HF due to the formation of a dense flouride surface layer. Not sure if he used it.
$endgroup$
– Karl
2 hours ago
1
1
$begingroup$
Iron is resistant do HF due to the formation of a dense flouride surface layer. Not sure if he used it.
$endgroup$
– Karl
2 hours ago
$begingroup$
Iron is resistant do HF due to the formation of a dense flouride surface layer. Not sure if he used it.
$endgroup$
– Karl
2 hours ago
add a comment |
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
$begingroup$
In the original 1771 experiment Scheele used a very simple setup consisting of a glass retort with the glass receiver (round-bottom flask).
Yes, the glass was etched to some degree by the fumes, but it was not that drastic to destroy the apparatus.
From Lennartson's The chemical works of Carl Wilhelm Scheele [1, p. 22]:
3.1 Publication 1. Investigation of Fluorite and Hydrofluoric Acid
Original publication: Kongl. Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar. 1771, 32,
120–138.
Original title translated to English: Investigation of fluorspar and its acid
…
The second paragraph of the paper deals with the action of acids on fluorite, and
this is where the important discovery is made. Scheele mixed powdered fluorite
with sulphuric acid (oil of vitriol) and heated it in a retort (Fig. 3.3) whereupon corrosive fumes were emitted. He repeated the experiment with some water in the receiver. He found that a white crust was formed on the water surface, and that the water contained a dissolved acid. The inner surface of the retort was etched by the fumes. Scheele identified the white crust as silicon dioxide (siliceous earth) and the residue in the retort as calcium sulphate (selenite or gypsum). This lead Scheele to the conclusion that “Fluor [fluorite], therefore, consists principally of calcareous earth [calcium oxide], saturated with a peculiar acid; the nature of which we shall investigate hereafter”.
Fig. 3.3 Schematic view of the apparatus Scheele used for preparing “acid of fluorspar”
To address some critics and to proove the source of the white powder of silicon dioxide is the glassware it self, Scheele improved the setup, protecting the inner walls with tin and wax.
Further from [1, p. 98]:
3.60 Publication 60. Experiments with Hydrofluoric Acid
Original publication: Chemische Annalen für die Freunde der Naturlehre.
1786, part 1, 3–17.
Original title translated to English: New evidence for the characteristic nature of the acid of fluor spar
…
Scheele powdered fluorite in a brass mortar, mixed the powder with sulphuric
acid (oil of vitriol) and transferred it to a retort lined with tin. The receiver was lined with wax, and partly filled with water. This time Scheele obtained a distillate free from precipitated silicon dioxide (siliceous earth), and addition of potassium hydroxide gave no precipitate (i.e. no $ceK2SiF6$). Thus, this was pure hydrofluoric acid, HF (aq); similar results had been reported by Scheele’s friend, J.C.F. Meyer in Stettin.
References
- Lennartson, A. The Chemical Works of Carl Wilhelm Scheele; Springer Berlin Heidelberg: New York, NY, 2017. ISBN 978-3-319-58180-4.
$endgroup$
1
$begingroup$
Super fantastic history lesson!
$endgroup$
– MaxW
1 hour ago
add a comment |
Your Answer
StackExchange.ready(function()
var channelOptions =
tags: "".split(" "),
id: "431"
;
initTagRenderer("".split(" "), "".split(" "), channelOptions);
StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function()
// Have to fire editor after snippets, if snippets enabled
if (StackExchange.settings.snippets.snippetsEnabled)
StackExchange.using("snippets", function()
createEditor();
);
else
createEditor();
);
function createEditor()
StackExchange.prepareEditor(
heartbeatType: 'answer',
autoActivateHeartbeat: false,
convertImagesToLinks: false,
noModals: true,
showLowRepImageUploadWarning: true,
reputationToPostImages: null,
bindNavPrevention: true,
postfix: "",
imageUploader:
brandingHtml: "Powered by u003ca class="icon-imgur-white" href="https://imgur.com/"u003eu003c/au003e",
contentPolicyHtml: "User contributions licensed under u003ca href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"u003ecc by-sa 3.0 with attribution requiredu003c/au003e u003ca href="https://stackoverflow.com/legal/content-policy"u003e(content policy)u003c/au003e",
allowUrls: true
,
onDemand: true,
discardSelector: ".discard-answer"
,immediatelyShowMarkdownHelp:true
);
);
Ginasius is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function ()
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
);
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
StackExchange.ready(
function ()
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fchemistry.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f112825%2fstoring-hydrofluoric-acid-before-the-invention-of-plastics%23new-answer', 'question_page');
);
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
$begingroup$
In the original 1771 experiment Scheele used a very simple setup consisting of a glass retort with the glass receiver (round-bottom flask).
Yes, the glass was etched to some degree by the fumes, but it was not that drastic to destroy the apparatus.
From Lennartson's The chemical works of Carl Wilhelm Scheele [1, p. 22]:
3.1 Publication 1. Investigation of Fluorite and Hydrofluoric Acid
Original publication: Kongl. Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar. 1771, 32,
120–138.
Original title translated to English: Investigation of fluorspar and its acid
…
The second paragraph of the paper deals with the action of acids on fluorite, and
this is where the important discovery is made. Scheele mixed powdered fluorite
with sulphuric acid (oil of vitriol) and heated it in a retort (Fig. 3.3) whereupon corrosive fumes were emitted. He repeated the experiment with some water in the receiver. He found that a white crust was formed on the water surface, and that the water contained a dissolved acid. The inner surface of the retort was etched by the fumes. Scheele identified the white crust as silicon dioxide (siliceous earth) and the residue in the retort as calcium sulphate (selenite or gypsum). This lead Scheele to the conclusion that “Fluor [fluorite], therefore, consists principally of calcareous earth [calcium oxide], saturated with a peculiar acid; the nature of which we shall investigate hereafter”.
Fig. 3.3 Schematic view of the apparatus Scheele used for preparing “acid of fluorspar”
To address some critics and to proove the source of the white powder of silicon dioxide is the glassware it self, Scheele improved the setup, protecting the inner walls with tin and wax.
Further from [1, p. 98]:
3.60 Publication 60. Experiments with Hydrofluoric Acid
Original publication: Chemische Annalen für die Freunde der Naturlehre.
1786, part 1, 3–17.
Original title translated to English: New evidence for the characteristic nature of the acid of fluor spar
…
Scheele powdered fluorite in a brass mortar, mixed the powder with sulphuric
acid (oil of vitriol) and transferred it to a retort lined with tin. The receiver was lined with wax, and partly filled with water. This time Scheele obtained a distillate free from precipitated silicon dioxide (siliceous earth), and addition of potassium hydroxide gave no precipitate (i.e. no $ceK2SiF6$). Thus, this was pure hydrofluoric acid, HF (aq); similar results had been reported by Scheele’s friend, J.C.F. Meyer in Stettin.
References
- Lennartson, A. The Chemical Works of Carl Wilhelm Scheele; Springer Berlin Heidelberg: New York, NY, 2017. ISBN 978-3-319-58180-4.
$endgroup$
1
$begingroup$
Super fantastic history lesson!
$endgroup$
– MaxW
1 hour ago
add a comment |
$begingroup$
In the original 1771 experiment Scheele used a very simple setup consisting of a glass retort with the glass receiver (round-bottom flask).
Yes, the glass was etched to some degree by the fumes, but it was not that drastic to destroy the apparatus.
From Lennartson's The chemical works of Carl Wilhelm Scheele [1, p. 22]:
3.1 Publication 1. Investigation of Fluorite and Hydrofluoric Acid
Original publication: Kongl. Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar. 1771, 32,
120–138.
Original title translated to English: Investigation of fluorspar and its acid
…
The second paragraph of the paper deals with the action of acids on fluorite, and
this is where the important discovery is made. Scheele mixed powdered fluorite
with sulphuric acid (oil of vitriol) and heated it in a retort (Fig. 3.3) whereupon corrosive fumes were emitted. He repeated the experiment with some water in the receiver. He found that a white crust was formed on the water surface, and that the water contained a dissolved acid. The inner surface of the retort was etched by the fumes. Scheele identified the white crust as silicon dioxide (siliceous earth) and the residue in the retort as calcium sulphate (selenite or gypsum). This lead Scheele to the conclusion that “Fluor [fluorite], therefore, consists principally of calcareous earth [calcium oxide], saturated with a peculiar acid; the nature of which we shall investigate hereafter”.
Fig. 3.3 Schematic view of the apparatus Scheele used for preparing “acid of fluorspar”
To address some critics and to proove the source of the white powder of silicon dioxide is the glassware it self, Scheele improved the setup, protecting the inner walls with tin and wax.
Further from [1, p. 98]:
3.60 Publication 60. Experiments with Hydrofluoric Acid
Original publication: Chemische Annalen für die Freunde der Naturlehre.
1786, part 1, 3–17.
Original title translated to English: New evidence for the characteristic nature of the acid of fluor spar
…
Scheele powdered fluorite in a brass mortar, mixed the powder with sulphuric
acid (oil of vitriol) and transferred it to a retort lined with tin. The receiver was lined with wax, and partly filled with water. This time Scheele obtained a distillate free from precipitated silicon dioxide (siliceous earth), and addition of potassium hydroxide gave no precipitate (i.e. no $ceK2SiF6$). Thus, this was pure hydrofluoric acid, HF (aq); similar results had been reported by Scheele’s friend, J.C.F. Meyer in Stettin.
References
- Lennartson, A. The Chemical Works of Carl Wilhelm Scheele; Springer Berlin Heidelberg: New York, NY, 2017. ISBN 978-3-319-58180-4.
$endgroup$
1
$begingroup$
Super fantastic history lesson!
$endgroup$
– MaxW
1 hour ago
add a comment |
$begingroup$
In the original 1771 experiment Scheele used a very simple setup consisting of a glass retort with the glass receiver (round-bottom flask).
Yes, the glass was etched to some degree by the fumes, but it was not that drastic to destroy the apparatus.
From Lennartson's The chemical works of Carl Wilhelm Scheele [1, p. 22]:
3.1 Publication 1. Investigation of Fluorite and Hydrofluoric Acid
Original publication: Kongl. Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar. 1771, 32,
120–138.
Original title translated to English: Investigation of fluorspar and its acid
…
The second paragraph of the paper deals with the action of acids on fluorite, and
this is where the important discovery is made. Scheele mixed powdered fluorite
with sulphuric acid (oil of vitriol) and heated it in a retort (Fig. 3.3) whereupon corrosive fumes were emitted. He repeated the experiment with some water in the receiver. He found that a white crust was formed on the water surface, and that the water contained a dissolved acid. The inner surface of the retort was etched by the fumes. Scheele identified the white crust as silicon dioxide (siliceous earth) and the residue in the retort as calcium sulphate (selenite or gypsum). This lead Scheele to the conclusion that “Fluor [fluorite], therefore, consists principally of calcareous earth [calcium oxide], saturated with a peculiar acid; the nature of which we shall investigate hereafter”.
Fig. 3.3 Schematic view of the apparatus Scheele used for preparing “acid of fluorspar”
To address some critics and to proove the source of the white powder of silicon dioxide is the glassware it self, Scheele improved the setup, protecting the inner walls with tin and wax.
Further from [1, p. 98]:
3.60 Publication 60. Experiments with Hydrofluoric Acid
Original publication: Chemische Annalen für die Freunde der Naturlehre.
1786, part 1, 3–17.
Original title translated to English: New evidence for the characteristic nature of the acid of fluor spar
…
Scheele powdered fluorite in a brass mortar, mixed the powder with sulphuric
acid (oil of vitriol) and transferred it to a retort lined with tin. The receiver was lined with wax, and partly filled with water. This time Scheele obtained a distillate free from precipitated silicon dioxide (siliceous earth), and addition of potassium hydroxide gave no precipitate (i.e. no $ceK2SiF6$). Thus, this was pure hydrofluoric acid, HF (aq); similar results had been reported by Scheele’s friend, J.C.F. Meyer in Stettin.
References
- Lennartson, A. The Chemical Works of Carl Wilhelm Scheele; Springer Berlin Heidelberg: New York, NY, 2017. ISBN 978-3-319-58180-4.
$endgroup$
In the original 1771 experiment Scheele used a very simple setup consisting of a glass retort with the glass receiver (round-bottom flask).
Yes, the glass was etched to some degree by the fumes, but it was not that drastic to destroy the apparatus.
From Lennartson's The chemical works of Carl Wilhelm Scheele [1, p. 22]:
3.1 Publication 1. Investigation of Fluorite and Hydrofluoric Acid
Original publication: Kongl. Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar. 1771, 32,
120–138.
Original title translated to English: Investigation of fluorspar and its acid
…
The second paragraph of the paper deals with the action of acids on fluorite, and
this is where the important discovery is made. Scheele mixed powdered fluorite
with sulphuric acid (oil of vitriol) and heated it in a retort (Fig. 3.3) whereupon corrosive fumes were emitted. He repeated the experiment with some water in the receiver. He found that a white crust was formed on the water surface, and that the water contained a dissolved acid. The inner surface of the retort was etched by the fumes. Scheele identified the white crust as silicon dioxide (siliceous earth) and the residue in the retort as calcium sulphate (selenite or gypsum). This lead Scheele to the conclusion that “Fluor [fluorite], therefore, consists principally of calcareous earth [calcium oxide], saturated with a peculiar acid; the nature of which we shall investigate hereafter”.
Fig. 3.3 Schematic view of the apparatus Scheele used for preparing “acid of fluorspar”
To address some critics and to proove the source of the white powder of silicon dioxide is the glassware it self, Scheele improved the setup, protecting the inner walls with tin and wax.
Further from [1, p. 98]:
3.60 Publication 60. Experiments with Hydrofluoric Acid
Original publication: Chemische Annalen für die Freunde der Naturlehre.
1786, part 1, 3–17.
Original title translated to English: New evidence for the characteristic nature of the acid of fluor spar
…
Scheele powdered fluorite in a brass mortar, mixed the powder with sulphuric
acid (oil of vitriol) and transferred it to a retort lined with tin. The receiver was lined with wax, and partly filled with water. This time Scheele obtained a distillate free from precipitated silicon dioxide (siliceous earth), and addition of potassium hydroxide gave no precipitate (i.e. no $ceK2SiF6$). Thus, this was pure hydrofluoric acid, HF (aq); similar results had been reported by Scheele’s friend, J.C.F. Meyer in Stettin.
References
- Lennartson, A. The Chemical Works of Carl Wilhelm Scheele; Springer Berlin Heidelberg: New York, NY, 2017. ISBN 978-3-319-58180-4.
edited 21 mins ago
answered 2 hours ago
andseliskandselisk
19.4k664126
19.4k664126
1
$begingroup$
Super fantastic history lesson!
$endgroup$
– MaxW
1 hour ago
add a comment |
1
$begingroup$
Super fantastic history lesson!
$endgroup$
– MaxW
1 hour ago
1
1
$begingroup$
Super fantastic history lesson!
$endgroup$
– MaxW
1 hour ago
$begingroup$
Super fantastic history lesson!
$endgroup$
– MaxW
1 hour ago
add a comment |
Ginasius is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.
Ginasius is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.
Ginasius is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.
Ginasius is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.
Thanks for contributing an answer to Chemistry Stack Exchange!
- Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!
But avoid …
- Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.
- Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.
Use MathJax to format equations. MathJax reference.
To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function ()
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
);
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
StackExchange.ready(
function ()
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fchemistry.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f112825%2fstoring-hydrofluoric-acid-before-the-invention-of-plastics%23new-answer', 'question_page');
);
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function ()
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
);
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function ()
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
);
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function ()
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
);
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
1
$begingroup$
Iron is resistant do HF due to the formation of a dense flouride surface layer. Not sure if he used it.
$endgroup$
– Karl
2 hours ago