Kiitohämähäkit Sukuja | Lähteet | Aiheesta muualla | NavigointivalikkoInfobox OKNimi-testi OKThe World Spider Catalog, Version 11.0dolomedes.orgITIS: Pisauridae

Hämähäkit


Wikispecies-logo.svgKiitohämähäkit WikispeciesissäCommons-logo.svgKiitohämähäkit Commonsissahämähäkkeihinjuoksuhämähäkkejäsammakoitakalojapedipalppienkanervahämähäkkirantahämähäkkiisorantahämähäkki

























Kiitohämähäkit
Pludvoris.jpg
Tieteellinen luokittelu
Kunta:
Eläinkunta Animalia
Pääjakso:
Niveljalkaiset Arthropoda
Luokka:
Hämähäkkieläimet Arachnida
Lahko:
Hämähäkit Araneae
Osalahko:
Araneomorphae
Yläheimo:
Lycosoidea
Heimo:
Kiitohämähäkit Pisauridae
Simon, 1890[1]
Suvut Suomessa

  • Dolomedes

  • Pisaura

Katso myös

 Wikispecies-logo.svg Kiitohämähäkit Wikispeciesissä
 Commons-logo.svg Kiitohämähäkit Commonsissa



Infobox OKNimi-testi OK

Kiitohämähäkit (Pisauridae) on hämähäkkeihin kuuluva heimo.


Kiitohämähäkit ovat yleensä verraten kookkaita ja muistuttavat ulkonäöltään ja elintavoiltaan melko paljon juoksuhämähäkkejä. Levossa hämähäkki levittää jalat sivuilleen. Voimakkaiden ja verraten lyhyiden raajojen kärjissä on usein karvoja, jotka mahdollistavat liikkumisen veden pinnalla.[2]


Silmiä on kahdeksan. Juoksuhämähäkeistä poiketen kaikki silmät ovat jotakuinkin samankokoisia.[3] Kiitohämähäkit ovat aktiivisia saalistajia. Ne eivät siis kudo pyyntiverkkoa vaan liikkuvat etsimässä saaliseläimiä. Tyypillisessä saalistusasennossa hämähäkki pitää kahta ensimmäistä jalkapariaan ojennettuna. Monet vesistöjen läheisyydessä elävät lajit kelpuuttavat saaliikseen jopa sammakoita ja pieniä kaloja. Monet lajit osaavat tarvittaessa sukeltaa.


Kosiomenoissa koiras saattaa tarjota naaraalle saalishyönteistä lahjana ja tekeytyä kuolleeksi.[4] Parittelun jälkeen naaras kantaa seittipakettiin käärittyjä munia leukojensa ja pedipalppien varassa kunnes poikasten kuoriutuminen on lähellä. Tällöin se kutoo verkon, jossa poikaset ovat varhaisimman nuoruusvaiheensa turvassa. Tästä tulee myös heimon englanninkielinen nimi nursery-web spiders.


Suomessa, kuten muuallakin Pohjois-Euroopassa, heimoa edustavat vain kanervahämähäkki (Pisaura mirabilis), rantahämähäkki (Dolomedes fimbriatus) sekä isorantahämähäkki (Dolomedes plantarius).



Sukuja |


  • Afropisaura

  • Archipirata

  • Architis

  • Bradystichus

  • Campostichommides

  • Caripetella

  • Charminus

  • Chiasmopes

  • Cispinilus

  • Cispius

  • Cladycnis

  • Conakrya

  • Dendrolycosa

  • Dianpisaura

  • Dolomedes

  • Eucamptopus

  • Euprosthenops

  • Euprosthenopsis

  • Eurychoera

  • Hala

  • Hesydrimorpha

  • Hygropoda

  • Hypsithylla

  • Ilipula

  • Inola

  • Maypacius

  • Megadolomedes

  • Nilus

  • Nukuhiva

  • Papakula

  • Paracladycnis

  • Perenethis

  • Phalaeops

  • Pisaura

  • Pisaurina

  • Polyboea

  • Qianlingula

  • Ransonia

  • Rothus

  • Stoliczka

  • Tallonia

  • Tapinothele

  • Tapinothelella

  • Tapinothelops

  • Tetragonophthalma

  • Thalassiopsis

  • Thalassius

  • Thaumasia

  • Tinus

  • Tolma

  • Voraptipus

  • Vuattouxia

  • Walrencea


Lähteet |



  1. ↑ Norman I Platnick: The World Spider Catalog, Version 11.0 American Museum of Natural History. Viitattu 9.12.2010. (englanniksi)


  2. ↑ http://delta-intkey.com/britsp/www/pisaurid.htm


  3. ↑ http://bugguide.net/node/view/1963


  4. ↑ http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg19726454.800



Aiheesta muualla |



  • dolomedes.org (englanniksi)


  • ITIS: Pisauridae (englanniksi)


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