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In Proverbs 14:34, is sin a disgrace to a people, or is mercy a sin-offering?

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In Proverbs 14:34, is sin a disgrace to a people, or is mercy a sin-offering?

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2

The standard translation of Proverbs 14:34 is along the lines of (ESV, for example) the following:

Righteousness exalts a nation, but sin is a reproach to any people.

But Young's Literal Translation (YLT) has this instead:

Righteousness exalteth a nation, And the goodliness of peoples [is] a sin-offering.

I couldn't find any other similar English rendering (either Christian or Jewish) of this verse, but the 1599 Geneva Bible has the following alternate in the margin, "and the mercy of the people is a sacrifice for sin."

How can the second clause of this verse have two entirely different possible meanings? And why is the YLT rendering given much less frequently among various English translations?

hebrew proverbs

share|improve this question

asked 4 hours ago

Betterthan KworaBetterthan Kwora

505

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Because it's a bad translation, proper translation: Righteousness exalteth a nation: but sin is a reproach to any people.
  
  – www.gffg.info
  4 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

2

The standard translation of Proverbs 14:34 is along the lines of (ESV, for example) the following:

Righteousness exalts a nation, but sin is a reproach to any people.

But Young's Literal Translation (YLT) has this instead:

Righteousness exalteth a nation, And the goodliness of peoples [is] a sin-offering.

I couldn't find any other similar English rendering (either Christian or Jewish) of this verse, but the 1599 Geneva Bible has the following alternate in the margin, "and the mercy of the people is a sacrifice for sin."

How can the second clause of this verse have two entirely different possible meanings? And why is the YLT rendering given much less frequently among various English translations?

hebrew proverbs

share|improve this question

asked 4 hours ago

Betterthan KworaBetterthan Kwora

505

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Because it's a bad translation, proper translation: Righteousness exalteth a nation: but sin is a reproach to any people.
  
  – www.gffg.info
  4 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

The standard translation of Proverbs 14:34 is along the lines of (ESV, for example) the following:

Righteousness exalts a nation, but sin is a reproach to any people.

But Young's Literal Translation (YLT) has this instead:

Righteousness exalteth a nation, And the goodliness of peoples [is] a sin-offering.

I couldn't find any other similar English rendering (either Christian or Jewish) of this verse, but the 1599 Geneva Bible has the following alternate in the margin, "and the mercy of the people is a sacrifice for sin."

How can the second clause of this verse have two entirely different possible meanings? And why is the YLT rendering given much less frequently among various English translations?

hebrew proverbs

share|improve this question

asked 4 hours ago

Betterthan KworaBetterthan Kwora

505

share|improve this question

asked 4 hours ago

Betterthan KworaBetterthan Kwora

505

share|improve this question

asked 4 hours ago

Betterthan KworaBetterthan Kwora

505

asked 4 hours ago

Betterthan KworaBetterthan Kwora

505

asked 4 hours ago

Betterthan KworaBetterthan Kwora

505

1 Answer
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1

In Prov 14:31, every translation I could find (see https://biblehub.com/proverbs/14-34.htm ) has something similar to the NASB:

Righteousness exalts a nation, But sin is a disgrace to any people.

As noted in the question, the Young's literal is an exception. The Pulpit commentary appears to explain this well:

But sin is a reproach to any people; to peoples. The words for
"nation" (goi) and "peoples" (leummim) are usually applied to foreign
nations rather than to the Hebrews; and Wordsworth sees here a
statement a fortiori: if righteousness exalts and sin degrades heathen
nations, how much more must this be the case with God's own people,
who have clearer revelations and heavier responsibilities! חֶסֶד
(chesed) occurs in the sense of "reproach," in Leviticus 20:17, and
with a different punctuation in Proverbs 25:10 of this book. Its more
usual meaning is "mercy" or "piety;" hence some have explained the
clause: "The piety of the peoples, i.e. the worship of the heathen, is
sin; and others, taking "sin" as put metonymically for "sin offering,"
render: "Piety is an atonement for the peoples." But there is no doubt
that the Authorized Version is correct (comp. Proverbs 11:11). Thus
Symmachus renders it by ὄνειδος, "shame;" and in the same sense the
Chaldee Paraphrase.

share|improve this answer

answered 3 hours ago

Mac's MusingsMac's Musings

7,4471220

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1

In Prov 14:31, every translation I could find (see https://biblehub.com/proverbs/14-34.htm ) has something similar to the NASB:

Righteousness exalts a nation, But sin is a disgrace to any people.

As noted in the question, the Young's literal is an exception. The Pulpit commentary appears to explain this well:

But sin is a reproach to any people; to peoples. The words for
"nation" (goi) and "peoples" (leummim) are usually applied to foreign
nations rather than to the Hebrews; and Wordsworth sees here a
statement a fortiori: if righteousness exalts and sin degrades heathen
nations, how much more must this be the case with God's own people,
who have clearer revelations and heavier responsibilities! חֶסֶד
(chesed) occurs in the sense of "reproach," in Leviticus 20:17, and
with a different punctuation in Proverbs 25:10 of this book. Its more
usual meaning is "mercy" or "piety;" hence some have explained the
clause: "The piety of the peoples, i.e. the worship of the heathen, is
sin; and others, taking "sin" as put metonymically for "sin offering,"
render: "Piety is an atonement for the peoples." But there is no doubt
that the Authorized Version is correct (comp. Proverbs 11:11). Thus
Symmachus renders it by ὄνειδος, "shame;" and in the same sense the
Chaldee Paraphrase.

share|improve this answer

answered 3 hours ago

Mac's MusingsMac's Musings

7,4471220

add a comment | 

1

In Prov 14:31, every translation I could find (see https://biblehub.com/proverbs/14-34.htm ) has something similar to the NASB:

Righteousness exalts a nation, But sin is a disgrace to any people.

As noted in the question, the Young's literal is an exception. The Pulpit commentary appears to explain this well:

But sin is a reproach to any people; to peoples. The words for
"nation" (goi) and "peoples" (leummim) are usually applied to foreign
nations rather than to the Hebrews; and Wordsworth sees here a
statement a fortiori: if righteousness exalts and sin degrades heathen
nations, how much more must this be the case with God's own people,
who have clearer revelations and heavier responsibilities! חֶסֶד
(chesed) occurs in the sense of "reproach," in Leviticus 20:17, and
with a different punctuation in Proverbs 25:10 of this book. Its more
usual meaning is "mercy" or "piety;" hence some have explained the
clause: "The piety of the peoples, i.e. the worship of the heathen, is
sin; and others, taking "sin" as put metonymically for "sin offering,"
render: "Piety is an atonement for the peoples." But there is no doubt
that the Authorized Version is correct (comp. Proverbs 11:11). Thus
Symmachus renders it by ὄνειδος, "shame;" and in the same sense the
Chaldee Paraphrase.

share|improve this answer

answered 3 hours ago

Mac's MusingsMac's Musings

7,4471220

add a comment | 

In Prov 14:31, every translation I could find (see https://biblehub.com/proverbs/14-34.htm ) has something similar to the NASB:

Righteousness exalts a nation, But sin is a disgrace to any people.

As noted in the question, the Young's literal is an exception. The Pulpit commentary appears to explain this well:

But sin is a reproach to any people; to peoples. The words for
"nation" (goi) and "peoples" (leummim) are usually applied to foreign
nations rather than to the Hebrews; and Wordsworth sees here a
statement a fortiori: if righteousness exalts and sin degrades heathen
nations, how much more must this be the case with God's own people,
who have clearer revelations and heavier responsibilities! חֶסֶד
(chesed) occurs in the sense of "reproach," in Leviticus 20:17, and
with a different punctuation in Proverbs 25:10 of this book. Its more
usual meaning is "mercy" or "piety;" hence some have explained the
clause: "The piety of the peoples, i.e. the worship of the heathen, is
sin; and others, taking "sin" as put metonymically for "sin offering,"
render: "Piety is an atonement for the peoples." But there is no doubt
that the Authorized Version is correct (comp. Proverbs 11:11). Thus
Symmachus renders it by ὄνειδος, "shame;" and in the same sense the
Chaldee Paraphrase.

share|improve this answer

answered 3 hours ago

Mac's MusingsMac's Musings

7,4471220

share|improve this answer

answered 3 hours ago

Mac's MusingsMac's Musings

7,4471220

answered 3 hours ago

Mac's MusingsMac's Musings

7,4471220

answered 3 hours ago

Mac's MusingsMac's Musings

7,4471220