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Is GOCE a satellite or aircraft?


What are the US regulations governing experimental aircraft?First to fly around the world by riding jet streams possible?Are there any aircraft designed to operate between an altitude of 50-80km?How are aircraft separated at high altitude?What is the procedure to turn a certified aircraft into an experimental aircraft?What is a blimp called if it is designed not to be lighter than air?May a commercial pilot transport an owner in the latter’s experimental aircraft for compensation?What is this odd aircraft?Is it legal to rent out an experimental aircraft?Why does aircraft stability increase when it transitions from subsonic to supersonic flight?













1












$begingroup$


This vessel (GOCE) is in orbit and maneuvers by using air similar to a plane to create lift and turn. The solar powered ion thrusters powers it continuously inside the atmosphere for years. Is this technically a plane, satellite, or a missile?



enter image description here



Source: https://space.stackexchange.com/a/33202/18879










share|improve this question









New contributor




Muze is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.







$endgroup$











  • $begingroup$
    I took the liberty of editing out the off-topic side question (not only because it's off-topic but also because you should only have one question per post). Feel free to roll back if you disagree.
    $endgroup$
    – Sanchises
    2 hours ago






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    By definition it's a spacecraft instead of an aircraft, because it relies on orbital velocity to stay up, not air in any form. It's a low drag satellite.
    $endgroup$
    – user3528438
    1 hour ago
















1












$begingroup$


This vessel (GOCE) is in orbit and maneuvers by using air similar to a plane to create lift and turn. The solar powered ion thrusters powers it continuously inside the atmosphere for years. Is this technically a plane, satellite, or a missile?



enter image description here



Source: https://space.stackexchange.com/a/33202/18879










share|improve this question









New contributor




Muze is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.







$endgroup$











  • $begingroup$
    I took the liberty of editing out the off-topic side question (not only because it's off-topic but also because you should only have one question per post). Feel free to roll back if you disagree.
    $endgroup$
    – Sanchises
    2 hours ago






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    By definition it's a spacecraft instead of an aircraft, because it relies on orbital velocity to stay up, not air in any form. It's a low drag satellite.
    $endgroup$
    – user3528438
    1 hour ago














1












1








1





$begingroup$


This vessel (GOCE) is in orbit and maneuvers by using air similar to a plane to create lift and turn. The solar powered ion thrusters powers it continuously inside the atmosphere for years. Is this technically a plane, satellite, or a missile?



enter image description here



Source: https://space.stackexchange.com/a/33202/18879










share|improve this question









New contributor




Muze is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.







$endgroup$




This vessel (GOCE) is in orbit and maneuvers by using air similar to a plane to create lift and turn. The solar powered ion thrusters powers it continuously inside the atmosphere for years. Is this technically a plane, satellite, or a missile?



enter image description here



Source: https://space.stackexchange.com/a/33202/18879







terminology






share|improve this question









New contributor




Muze is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.











share|improve this question









New contributor




Muze is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited 18 mins ago









ymb1

71.6k7231385




71.6k7231385






New contributor




Muze is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.









asked 2 hours ago









MuzeMuze

400313




400313




New contributor




Muze is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.





New contributor





Muze is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.






Muze is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.











  • $begingroup$
    I took the liberty of editing out the off-topic side question (not only because it's off-topic but also because you should only have one question per post). Feel free to roll back if you disagree.
    $endgroup$
    – Sanchises
    2 hours ago






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    By definition it's a spacecraft instead of an aircraft, because it relies on orbital velocity to stay up, not air in any form. It's a low drag satellite.
    $endgroup$
    – user3528438
    1 hour ago

















  • $begingroup$
    I took the liberty of editing out the off-topic side question (not only because it's off-topic but also because you should only have one question per post). Feel free to roll back if you disagree.
    $endgroup$
    – Sanchises
    2 hours ago






  • 1




    $begingroup$
    By definition it's a spacecraft instead of an aircraft, because it relies on orbital velocity to stay up, not air in any form. It's a low drag satellite.
    $endgroup$
    – user3528438
    1 hour ago
















$begingroup$
I took the liberty of editing out the off-topic side question (not only because it's off-topic but also because you should only have one question per post). Feel free to roll back if you disagree.
$endgroup$
– Sanchises
2 hours ago




$begingroup$
I took the liberty of editing out the off-topic side question (not only because it's off-topic but also because you should only have one question per post). Feel free to roll back if you disagree.
$endgroup$
– Sanchises
2 hours ago




1




1




$begingroup$
By definition it's a spacecraft instead of an aircraft, because it relies on orbital velocity to stay up, not air in any form. It's a low drag satellite.
$endgroup$
– user3528438
1 hour ago





$begingroup$
By definition it's a spacecraft instead of an aircraft, because it relies on orbital velocity to stay up, not air in any form. It's a low drag satellite.
$endgroup$
– user3528438
1 hour ago











1 Answer
1






active

oldest

votes


















3












$begingroup$

A satellite is an object in orbit. A satellite keeps a constant altitude if it is traveling at the correct orbital speed for their altitude. Otherwise it will be in an elliptical orbit where the altitude is constantly changing. In any case, satellites are (almost) in free-fall



An airplane travels at much, much lower speed than orbital speed. Airplanes keep their altitude because their wings produce lift.



Satellites in lower orbited are subject to atmospheric drag, albeit to much smaller extentd than planes. GOCE was orbiting Earth at an - for satellites - very low altitude (224 km). There is hardly any atmosphere at this altitude, but at an orbital velocity of 7.8 m/s (51337 kts), atmospheric drag is still a problem.



Therefore the structure of GOCE was particularly designed for low drag. The wings were flat without camber. They did not produce any lift. GOCE used ion thrusters to compensate the atmospheric drag and maintain orbital velocity.



enter image description here
Photo: ESA



enter image description here
Photo: ESA



Missiles are self-propelled guided weapons. I can assure you that GOCE was not a weapon.



[TL;DR]: GOCE was a satellite, because it orbited an astronomical body. It was not a plane, because its wings did not produce lift.



GOCE´s 20 month mission ended on November 11, 2013 with the planned destructive re-enty into the atmosphere. It measured Earth´s gravity field and acquired a precise model of the Earth geoid:



enter image description here
Image: ESA






share|improve this answer











$endgroup$













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    1 Answer
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    1 Answer
    1






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes









    3












    $begingroup$

    A satellite is an object in orbit. A satellite keeps a constant altitude if it is traveling at the correct orbital speed for their altitude. Otherwise it will be in an elliptical orbit where the altitude is constantly changing. In any case, satellites are (almost) in free-fall



    An airplane travels at much, much lower speed than orbital speed. Airplanes keep their altitude because their wings produce lift.



    Satellites in lower orbited are subject to atmospheric drag, albeit to much smaller extentd than planes. GOCE was orbiting Earth at an - for satellites - very low altitude (224 km). There is hardly any atmosphere at this altitude, but at an orbital velocity of 7.8 m/s (51337 kts), atmospheric drag is still a problem.



    Therefore the structure of GOCE was particularly designed for low drag. The wings were flat without camber. They did not produce any lift. GOCE used ion thrusters to compensate the atmospheric drag and maintain orbital velocity.



    enter image description here
    Photo: ESA



    enter image description here
    Photo: ESA



    Missiles are self-propelled guided weapons. I can assure you that GOCE was not a weapon.



    [TL;DR]: GOCE was a satellite, because it orbited an astronomical body. It was not a plane, because its wings did not produce lift.



    GOCE´s 20 month mission ended on November 11, 2013 with the planned destructive re-enty into the atmosphere. It measured Earth´s gravity field and acquired a precise model of the Earth geoid:



    enter image description here
    Image: ESA






    share|improve this answer











    $endgroup$

















      3












      $begingroup$

      A satellite is an object in orbit. A satellite keeps a constant altitude if it is traveling at the correct orbital speed for their altitude. Otherwise it will be in an elliptical orbit where the altitude is constantly changing. In any case, satellites are (almost) in free-fall



      An airplane travels at much, much lower speed than orbital speed. Airplanes keep their altitude because their wings produce lift.



      Satellites in lower orbited are subject to atmospheric drag, albeit to much smaller extentd than planes. GOCE was orbiting Earth at an - for satellites - very low altitude (224 km). There is hardly any atmosphere at this altitude, but at an orbital velocity of 7.8 m/s (51337 kts), atmospheric drag is still a problem.



      Therefore the structure of GOCE was particularly designed for low drag. The wings were flat without camber. They did not produce any lift. GOCE used ion thrusters to compensate the atmospheric drag and maintain orbital velocity.



      enter image description here
      Photo: ESA



      enter image description here
      Photo: ESA



      Missiles are self-propelled guided weapons. I can assure you that GOCE was not a weapon.



      [TL;DR]: GOCE was a satellite, because it orbited an astronomical body. It was not a plane, because its wings did not produce lift.



      GOCE´s 20 month mission ended on November 11, 2013 with the planned destructive re-enty into the atmosphere. It measured Earth´s gravity field and acquired a precise model of the Earth geoid:



      enter image description here
      Image: ESA






      share|improve this answer











      $endgroup$















        3












        3








        3





        $begingroup$

        A satellite is an object in orbit. A satellite keeps a constant altitude if it is traveling at the correct orbital speed for their altitude. Otherwise it will be in an elliptical orbit where the altitude is constantly changing. In any case, satellites are (almost) in free-fall



        An airplane travels at much, much lower speed than orbital speed. Airplanes keep their altitude because their wings produce lift.



        Satellites in lower orbited are subject to atmospheric drag, albeit to much smaller extentd than planes. GOCE was orbiting Earth at an - for satellites - very low altitude (224 km). There is hardly any atmosphere at this altitude, but at an orbital velocity of 7.8 m/s (51337 kts), atmospheric drag is still a problem.



        Therefore the structure of GOCE was particularly designed for low drag. The wings were flat without camber. They did not produce any lift. GOCE used ion thrusters to compensate the atmospheric drag and maintain orbital velocity.



        enter image description here
        Photo: ESA



        enter image description here
        Photo: ESA



        Missiles are self-propelled guided weapons. I can assure you that GOCE was not a weapon.



        [TL;DR]: GOCE was a satellite, because it orbited an astronomical body. It was not a plane, because its wings did not produce lift.



        GOCE´s 20 month mission ended on November 11, 2013 with the planned destructive re-enty into the atmosphere. It measured Earth´s gravity field and acquired a precise model of the Earth geoid:



        enter image description here
        Image: ESA






        share|improve this answer











        $endgroup$



        A satellite is an object in orbit. A satellite keeps a constant altitude if it is traveling at the correct orbital speed for their altitude. Otherwise it will be in an elliptical orbit where the altitude is constantly changing. In any case, satellites are (almost) in free-fall



        An airplane travels at much, much lower speed than orbital speed. Airplanes keep their altitude because their wings produce lift.



        Satellites in lower orbited are subject to atmospheric drag, albeit to much smaller extentd than planes. GOCE was orbiting Earth at an - for satellites - very low altitude (224 km). There is hardly any atmosphere at this altitude, but at an orbital velocity of 7.8 m/s (51337 kts), atmospheric drag is still a problem.



        Therefore the structure of GOCE was particularly designed for low drag. The wings were flat without camber. They did not produce any lift. GOCE used ion thrusters to compensate the atmospheric drag and maintain orbital velocity.



        enter image description here
        Photo: ESA



        enter image description here
        Photo: ESA



        Missiles are self-propelled guided weapons. I can assure you that GOCE was not a weapon.



        [TL;DR]: GOCE was a satellite, because it orbited an astronomical body. It was not a plane, because its wings did not produce lift.



        GOCE´s 20 month mission ended on November 11, 2013 with the planned destructive re-enty into the atmosphere. It measured Earth´s gravity field and acquired a precise model of the Earth geoid:



        enter image description here
        Image: ESA







        share|improve this answer














        share|improve this answer



        share|improve this answer








        edited 59 mins ago

























        answered 1 hour ago









        boglbogl

        4,5892239




        4,5892239




















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