What exactly is the parasitic white layer that forms after iron parts are treated with ammonia?Chemically removing rust without leaving any unwanted residuesAre there any safety guidelines for mixing sulfate with chloride?Propose a chemical formula for the white solid that forms during the initial stages of the reaction of Sn with benzyl chlorideDetermining the mass of sodium sulfate that forms when reacting sulfuric acid with sodium hydroxideWhat reactions does this steel cold-bluing solution undergo?What exactly is the use of photographic films in cameras? How are the pictures generated?Is it possible create crystalline solvate of electrons?What are the factors that affect the redox reactions?Citric acid rust removal and neutralizationwhat happened after the addition of NaOH into iron(III) chloride with sodium fluoride
What is the offset in a seaplane's hull?
What are these boxed doors outside store fronts in New York?
Non-Jewish family in an Orthodox Jewish Wedding
New order #4: World
Why CLRS example on residual networks does not follows its formula?
Are tax years 2016 & 2017 back taxes deductible for tax year 2018?
How to make payment on the internet without leaving a money trail?
Draw simple lines in Inkscape
declaring a variable twice in IIFE
Why do we use polarized capacitor?
How can bays and straits be determined in a procedurally generated map?
What is GPS' 19 year rollover and does it present a cybersecurity issue?
Japan - Any leeway for max visa duration due to unforeseen circumstances?
Is there a familial term for apples and pears?
Do airline pilots ever risk not hearing communication directed to them specifically, from traffic controllers?
Can you lasso down a wizard who is using the Levitate spell?
How do we improve the relationship with a client software team that performs poorly and is becoming less collaborative?
Motorized valve interfering with button?
What is the command to reset a PC without deleting any files
"which" command doesn't work / path of Safari?
Copenhagen passport control - US citizen
Chess with symmetric move-square
Why doesn't Newton's third law mean a person bounces back to where they started when they hit the ground?
How is this relation reflexive?
What exactly is the parasitic white layer that forms after iron parts are treated with ammonia?
Chemically removing rust without leaving any unwanted residuesAre there any safety guidelines for mixing sulfate with chloride?Propose a chemical formula for the white solid that forms during the initial stages of the reaction of Sn with benzyl chlorideDetermining the mass of sodium sulfate that forms when reacting sulfuric acid with sodium hydroxideWhat reactions does this steel cold-bluing solution undergo?What exactly is the use of photographic films in cameras? How are the pictures generated?Is it possible create crystalline solvate of electrons?What are the factors that affect the redox reactions?Citric acid rust removal and neutralizationwhat happened after the addition of NaOH into iron(III) chloride with sodium fluoride
$begingroup$
I have little to do with chemistry and my only background is the inorganic chemistry I learned at school when I was 13-14 years old.
I need to have a basic understanding of the nitrating process (for an automation engineering application, more precisely an automated furnace used for nitrating iron or steels parts with the purpose of improving their mechanical and chemical properties).
A few things are not so clear for me:
1) What is the chemical formula of the iron lattice mixed with nitrogen atoms (see the picture)?
2) What is the unwanted white layer that I understand forms on the surface of the metal part treated with dissociated ammonia?
3) What is this dissociated ammonia?
Gas nitriding
inorganic-chemistry
New contributor
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
I have little to do with chemistry and my only background is the inorganic chemistry I learned at school when I was 13-14 years old.
I need to have a basic understanding of the nitrating process (for an automation engineering application, more precisely an automated furnace used for nitrating iron or steels parts with the purpose of improving their mechanical and chemical properties).
A few things are not so clear for me:
1) What is the chemical formula of the iron lattice mixed with nitrogen atoms (see the picture)?
2) What is the unwanted white layer that I understand forms on the surface of the metal part treated with dissociated ammonia?
3) What is this dissociated ammonia?
Gas nitriding
inorganic-chemistry
New contributor
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
(1) Natrium is the Latin name for sodium, hence the elemental symbol Na. (2) What "white layer"? -- Do you mean the iron atoms that are shown as white circles?
$endgroup$
– MaxW
9 hours ago
$begingroup$
Nitrogen, sorry! The "white layer" is not shown in the picture.
$endgroup$
– Robert Werner
8 hours ago
add a comment |
$begingroup$
I have little to do with chemistry and my only background is the inorganic chemistry I learned at school when I was 13-14 years old.
I need to have a basic understanding of the nitrating process (for an automation engineering application, more precisely an automated furnace used for nitrating iron or steels parts with the purpose of improving their mechanical and chemical properties).
A few things are not so clear for me:
1) What is the chemical formula of the iron lattice mixed with nitrogen atoms (see the picture)?
2) What is the unwanted white layer that I understand forms on the surface of the metal part treated with dissociated ammonia?
3) What is this dissociated ammonia?
Gas nitriding
inorganic-chemistry
New contributor
$endgroup$
I have little to do with chemistry and my only background is the inorganic chemistry I learned at school when I was 13-14 years old.
I need to have a basic understanding of the nitrating process (for an automation engineering application, more precisely an automated furnace used for nitrating iron or steels parts with the purpose of improving their mechanical and chemical properties).
A few things are not so clear for me:
1) What is the chemical formula of the iron lattice mixed with nitrogen atoms (see the picture)?
2) What is the unwanted white layer that I understand forms on the surface of the metal part treated with dissociated ammonia?
3) What is this dissociated ammonia?
Gas nitriding
inorganic-chemistry
inorganic-chemistry
New contributor
New contributor
edited 8 hours ago
Robert Werner
New contributor
asked 10 hours ago
Robert WernerRobert Werner
1063
1063
New contributor
New contributor
$begingroup$
(1) Natrium is the Latin name for sodium, hence the elemental symbol Na. (2) What "white layer"? -- Do you mean the iron atoms that are shown as white circles?
$endgroup$
– MaxW
9 hours ago
$begingroup$
Nitrogen, sorry! The "white layer" is not shown in the picture.
$endgroup$
– Robert Werner
8 hours ago
add a comment |
$begingroup$
(1) Natrium is the Latin name for sodium, hence the elemental symbol Na. (2) What "white layer"? -- Do you mean the iron atoms that are shown as white circles?
$endgroup$
– MaxW
9 hours ago
$begingroup$
Nitrogen, sorry! The "white layer" is not shown in the picture.
$endgroup$
– Robert Werner
8 hours ago
$begingroup$
(1) Natrium is the Latin name for sodium, hence the elemental symbol Na. (2) What "white layer"? -- Do you mean the iron atoms that are shown as white circles?
$endgroup$
– MaxW
9 hours ago
$begingroup$
(1) Natrium is the Latin name for sodium, hence the elemental symbol Na. (2) What "white layer"? -- Do you mean the iron atoms that are shown as white circles?
$endgroup$
– MaxW
9 hours ago
$begingroup$
Nitrogen, sorry! The "white layer" is not shown in the picture.
$endgroup$
– Robert Werner
8 hours ago
$begingroup$
Nitrogen, sorry! The "white layer" is not shown in the picture.
$endgroup$
– Robert Werner
8 hours ago
add a comment |
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
$begingroup$
Steels are nitrided in ammonia gas at 900 to 1050 F ; It forms a very hard , very thin ( < 0.01 ") hard layer of iron nitride . An addition of aluminum alloy to the steel ( 0.5 to 1.0 % ) enhances the nitriding. Nitriding is applied typically to cutting tools like drill bits and wearing surfaces. At higher temperatures "carbo-nitriding " is done where C and N are diffused into the steel surface. The "white layer" is something seen in a metallographic sample at high magnification -100 x and higher. It is undesirable and apparently unidentified as the ASM handbooks refer to it as only "white layer" ; they give procedures to remove it if necessary . The white layer should be thin , even compared to a 0.005 " thick layer of nitride. Plain ammonia or dissociated ammonia may be used with slightly different procedures.
$endgroup$
1
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
7 hours ago
add a comment |
Your Answer
StackExchange.ifUsing("editor", function ()
return StackExchange.using("mathjaxEditing", function ()
StackExchange.MarkdownEditor.creationCallbacks.add(function (editor, postfix)
StackExchange.mathjaxEditing.prepareWmdForMathJax(editor, postfix, [["$", "$"], ["\\(","\\)"]]);
);
);
, "mathjax-editing");
StackExchange.ready(function()
var channelOptions =
tags: "".split(" "),
id: "431"
;
initTagRenderer("".split(" "), "".split(" "), channelOptions);
StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function()
// Have to fire editor after snippets, if snippets enabled
if (StackExchange.settings.snippets.snippetsEnabled)
StackExchange.using("snippets", function()
createEditor();
);
else
createEditor();
);
function createEditor()
StackExchange.prepareEditor(
heartbeatType: 'answer',
autoActivateHeartbeat: false,
convertImagesToLinks: false,
noModals: true,
showLowRepImageUploadWarning: true,
reputationToPostImages: null,
bindNavPrevention: true,
postfix: "",
imageUploader:
brandingHtml: "Powered by u003ca class="icon-imgur-white" href="https://imgur.com/"u003eu003c/au003e",
contentPolicyHtml: "User contributions licensed under u003ca href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"u003ecc by-sa 3.0 with attribution requiredu003c/au003e u003ca href="https://stackoverflow.com/legal/content-policy"u003e(content policy)u003c/au003e",
allowUrls: true
,
onDemand: true,
discardSelector: ".discard-answer"
,immediatelyShowMarkdownHelp:true
);
);
Robert Werner is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function ()
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
);
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
StackExchange.ready(
function ()
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fchemistry.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f112325%2fwhat-exactly-is-the-parasitic-white-layer-that-forms-after-iron-parts-are-treate%23new-answer', 'question_page');
);
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
1 Answer
1
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
$begingroup$
Steels are nitrided in ammonia gas at 900 to 1050 F ; It forms a very hard , very thin ( < 0.01 ") hard layer of iron nitride . An addition of aluminum alloy to the steel ( 0.5 to 1.0 % ) enhances the nitriding. Nitriding is applied typically to cutting tools like drill bits and wearing surfaces. At higher temperatures "carbo-nitriding " is done where C and N are diffused into the steel surface. The "white layer" is something seen in a metallographic sample at high magnification -100 x and higher. It is undesirable and apparently unidentified as the ASM handbooks refer to it as only "white layer" ; they give procedures to remove it if necessary . The white layer should be thin , even compared to a 0.005 " thick layer of nitride. Plain ammonia or dissociated ammonia may be used with slightly different procedures.
$endgroup$
1
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
7 hours ago
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Steels are nitrided in ammonia gas at 900 to 1050 F ; It forms a very hard , very thin ( < 0.01 ") hard layer of iron nitride . An addition of aluminum alloy to the steel ( 0.5 to 1.0 % ) enhances the nitriding. Nitriding is applied typically to cutting tools like drill bits and wearing surfaces. At higher temperatures "carbo-nitriding " is done where C and N are diffused into the steel surface. The "white layer" is something seen in a metallographic sample at high magnification -100 x and higher. It is undesirable and apparently unidentified as the ASM handbooks refer to it as only "white layer" ; they give procedures to remove it if necessary . The white layer should be thin , even compared to a 0.005 " thick layer of nitride. Plain ammonia or dissociated ammonia may be used with slightly different procedures.
$endgroup$
1
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
7 hours ago
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Steels are nitrided in ammonia gas at 900 to 1050 F ; It forms a very hard , very thin ( < 0.01 ") hard layer of iron nitride . An addition of aluminum alloy to the steel ( 0.5 to 1.0 % ) enhances the nitriding. Nitriding is applied typically to cutting tools like drill bits and wearing surfaces. At higher temperatures "carbo-nitriding " is done where C and N are diffused into the steel surface. The "white layer" is something seen in a metallographic sample at high magnification -100 x and higher. It is undesirable and apparently unidentified as the ASM handbooks refer to it as only "white layer" ; they give procedures to remove it if necessary . The white layer should be thin , even compared to a 0.005 " thick layer of nitride. Plain ammonia or dissociated ammonia may be used with slightly different procedures.
$endgroup$
Steels are nitrided in ammonia gas at 900 to 1050 F ; It forms a very hard , very thin ( < 0.01 ") hard layer of iron nitride . An addition of aluminum alloy to the steel ( 0.5 to 1.0 % ) enhances the nitriding. Nitriding is applied typically to cutting tools like drill bits and wearing surfaces. At higher temperatures "carbo-nitriding " is done where C and N are diffused into the steel surface. The "white layer" is something seen in a metallographic sample at high magnification -100 x and higher. It is undesirable and apparently unidentified as the ASM handbooks refer to it as only "white layer" ; they give procedures to remove it if necessary . The white layer should be thin , even compared to a 0.005 " thick layer of nitride. Plain ammonia or dissociated ammonia may be used with slightly different procedures.
edited 7 hours ago
answered 8 hours ago
blacksmith37blacksmith37
74018
74018
1
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
7 hours ago
add a comment |
1
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
7 hours ago
1
1
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
7 hours ago
$begingroup$
ah... yes. I overlooked the "cation" Gas nitriding in the OP's post. So the picture is for creating a layer of iron nitride, not using Fe as a catalysts in reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen to make ammonia.
$endgroup$
– MaxW
7 hours ago
add a comment |
Robert Werner is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.
Robert Werner is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.
Robert Werner is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.
Robert Werner is a new contributor. Be nice, and check out our Code of Conduct.
Thanks for contributing an answer to Chemistry Stack Exchange!
- Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!
But avoid …
- Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.
- Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.
Use MathJax to format equations. MathJax reference.
To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function ()
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
);
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
StackExchange.ready(
function ()
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fchemistry.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f112325%2fwhat-exactly-is-the-parasitic-white-layer-that-forms-after-iron-parts-are-treate%23new-answer', 'question_page');
);
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function ()
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
);
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function ()
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
);
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function ()
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
);
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
$begingroup$
(1) Natrium is the Latin name for sodium, hence the elemental symbol Na. (2) What "white layer"? -- Do you mean the iron atoms that are shown as white circles?
$endgroup$
– MaxW
9 hours ago
$begingroup$
Nitrogen, sorry! The "white layer" is not shown in the picture.
$endgroup$
– Robert Werner
8 hours ago